# Discovery Frameworks

## Opportunity Solution Tree (OST)

Purpose: continuously connect product outcomes to validated opportunities and tested solutions.

Core structure:
- Outcome (metric)
- Opportunity nodes (needs/pains)
- Solution ideas
- Experiments

OST practice tips:
- Keep tree live; update after each interview or test.
- Separate opportunity evidence from solution proposals.
- Avoid single-branch trees that force one solution.

## Jobs-to-be-Done (JTBD)

Use JTBD to understand progress users seek.

JTBD template:
"When [situation], I want to [motivation], so I can [expected outcome]."

JTBD interview focus:
- Trigger moments
- Current alternatives and workarounds
- Purchase/adoption anxieties
- Desired progress and success criteria

## Kano Model

Classify features by impact on satisfaction:
- Must-be: expected baseline features
- Performance: more is better
- Delighters: unexpected value multipliers
- Indifferent: low impact
- Reverse: can reduce satisfaction for some users

Use Kano when prioritizing solution concepts after problem validation.

## Design Sprint Methodology

Typical phases:
1. Understand
2. Sketch
3. Decide
4. Prototype
5. Test

Discovery usage:
- Compress learning cycle into one week.
- Best for high-ambiguity opportunities requiring cross-functional alignment.

## Assumption Prioritization Matrix

Map assumptions on two axes:
- Risk if wrong (low -> high)
- Certainty (low -> high)

Priority order:
1. High risk, low certainty (test first)
2. High risk, high certainty (validate quickly)
3. Low risk, low certainty (defer)
4. Low risk, high certainty (document)

## Discovery Evidence Rules

- One source is not enough for major decisions.
- Triangulate qualitative and quantitative signals.
- Predefine decision criteria before test execution.
- Archive evidence with date, segment, and method.