7.6 KiB
7.6 KiB
Playwright Java – Fixtures, Hooks & Test Data
JUnit 5 Extension for Playwright (Custom Fixture)
Encapsulate browser lifecycle in a reusable JUnit 5 extension:
package com.company.tests.base;
import com.microsoft.playwright.*;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.*;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
public class PlaywrightExtension
implements BeforeEachCallback, AfterEachCallback, ParameterResolver {
private static final Map<String, Page> pageMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
@Override
public void beforeEach(ExtensionContext ctx) {
Playwright pw = Playwright.create();
Browser browser = pw.chromium().launch(new BrowserType.LaunchOptions().setHeadless(true));
BrowserContext context = browser.newContext();
Page page = context.newPage();
pageMap.put(ctx.getUniqueId(), page);
ctx.getStore(ExtensionContext.Namespace.GLOBAL).put("playwright", pw);
ctx.getStore(ExtensionContext.Namespace.GLOBAL).put("browser", browser);
ctx.getStore(ExtensionContext.Namespace.GLOBAL).put("context", context);
}
@Override
public void afterEach(ExtensionContext ctx) {
pageMap.remove(ctx.getUniqueId());
closeIfNotNull(ctx.getStore(ExtensionContext.Namespace.GLOBAL).remove("context", BrowserContext.class));
closeIfNotNull(ctx.getStore(ExtensionContext.Namespace.GLOBAL).remove("browser", Browser.class));
closeIfNotNull(ctx.getStore(ExtensionContext.Namespace.GLOBAL).remove("playwright", Playwright.class));
}
@Override
public boolean supportsParameter(ParameterContext param, ExtensionContext ext) {
return param.getParameter().getType() == Page.class;
}
@Override
public Object resolveParameter(ParameterContext param, ExtensionContext ext) {
return pageMap.get(ext.getUniqueId());
}
private void closeIfNotNull(AutoCloseable obj) {
if (obj != null) try { obj.close(); } catch (Exception ignored) {}
}
}
// Usage:
@ExtendWith(PlaywrightExtension.class)
class CheckoutTest {
@Test
void shouldCompleteCheckout(Page page) {
// Page is injected automatically
new LoginPage(page).navigate().loginAs("user@test.com", "pass");
}
}
Test Data Factory
package com.company.tests.utils;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import net.datafaker.Faker;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public final class TestDataFactory {
private static final Faker faker = new Faker();
private static final ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
// --- Static test data from JSON ---
public static User getDefaultUser() {
return loadUsers().stream()
.filter(u -> u.role().equals("default"))
.findFirst()
.orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("No default user in testdata/users.json"));
}
public static User getAdminUser() {
return loadUsers().stream()
.filter(u -> u.role().equals("admin"))
.findFirst()
.orElseThrow();
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private static List<User> loadUsers() {
try (InputStream in = TestDataFactory.class
.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("testdata/users.json")) {
return mapper.readValue(in, mapper.getTypeFactory()
.constructCollectionType(List.class, User.class));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed to load users.json", e);
}
}
// --- Dynamic data generation ---
public static User generateRandomUser() {
return new User(
faker.internet().emailAddress(),
faker.internet().password(12, 20, true, true, true),
faker.name().firstName(),
faker.name().lastName(),
"default"
);
}
public static String randomPhone() {
return faker.phoneNumber().cellPhone();
}
public static String randomPostalCode() {
return faker.address().zipCode();
}
}
testdata/users.json
[
{
"email": "admin@company.com",
"password": "Admin@1234",
"firstName": "Admin",
"lastName": "User",
"role": "admin"
},
{
"email": "user@company.com",
"password": "User@1234",
"firstName": "Test",
"lastName": "User",
"role": "default"
}
]
Pre-Authenticated Context (Reuse Auth State)
Save login state once, reuse across tests — massive speed improvement:
// Run once before test suite (e.g., in @BeforeAll or a setup class)
public class AuthSetup {
public static void saveAuthState() {
try (Playwright pw = Playwright.create()) {
Browser browser = pw.chromium().launch();
BrowserContext context = browser.newContext();
Page page = context.newPage();
page.navigate(ConfigReader.getBaseUrl() + "/login");
page.getByLabel("Email").fill(TestDataFactory.getDefaultUser().email());
page.getByLabel("Password").fill(TestDataFactory.getDefaultUser().password());
page.getByRole(AriaRole.BUTTON, new Page.GetByRoleOptions().setName("Sign in")).click();
page.waitForURL("**/dashboard");
// Save storage state (cookies + localStorage)
context.storageState(new BrowserContext.StorageStateOptions()
.setPath(Paths.get("target/auth/user-state.json")));
}
}
}
// In BaseTest, load saved state:
BrowserContext context = browser.newContext(new Browser.NewContextOptions()
.setStorageStatePath(Paths.get("target/auth/user-state.json")));
Screenshot on Test Failure (Allure Attachment)
// Add this to @AfterEach in BaseTest
@AfterEach
void captureOnFailure(TestInfo info) {
// The test outcome is available via TestInfo with JUnit5 + Allure
byte[] screenshot = page().screenshot(new Page.ScreenshotOptions().setFullPage(true));
Allure.addAttachment("Screenshot on failure", "image/png",
new ByteArrayInputStream(screenshot), "png");
}
WaitUtils Helper
package com.company.tests.utils;
import com.microsoft.playwright.Page;
public final class WaitUtils {
public static void waitForSpinnerToDisappear(Page page) {
page.locator(".loading-spinner").waitFor(
new Locator.WaitForOptions()
.setState(WaitForSelectorState.HIDDEN)
.setTimeout(15_000));
}
public static void waitForToastMessage(Page page, String message) {
page.getByRole(AriaRole.ALERT)
.filter(new Locator.FilterOptions().setHasText(message))
.waitFor(new Locator.WaitForOptions()
.setState(WaitForSelectorState.VISIBLE)
.setTimeout(5_000));
}
public static void waitForApiResponse(Page page, String urlPattern) {
page.waitForResponse(resp ->
resp.url().contains(urlPattern) && resp.status() < 400,
() -> {}
);
}
}
Retry Logic for Flaky Tests
// JUnit 5 built-in retry extension
// Add to pom.xml:
// <dependency>
// <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
// <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
// <version>5.10.2</version>
// </dependency>
@RepeatedTest(value = 3, failureThreshold = 1) // retry up to 3 times
void flakySmokeTest() {
// test body
}
// Custom @RetryTest annotation backed by a JUnit Extension:
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@ExtendWith(RetryExtension.class)
public @interface RetryTest {
int times() default 3;
}