Merge pull request #426 from alirezarezvani/dev

Dev
This commit is contained in:
Alireza Rezvani
2026-03-26 12:23:23 +01:00
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# Contributing to Claude Skills Library
# Contributing to Claude Code Skills
Thank you for your interest in contributing to the Claude Skills Library! This repository aims to democratize professional expertise through reusable, production-ready skill packages for Claude AI.
Thank you for your interest in contributing! This repository is the largest open-source Claude Code skills & agent plugins library (6,800+ stars, 205 production-ready skills).
## ⚠️ Important: Always Target `dev`
**All PRs must target the `dev` branch.** PRs targeting `main` will be automatically closed.
```bash
# Fork the repo, then:
git checkout -b feat/my-new-skill origin/dev
# ... make your changes ...
# Open PR → base: dev (NOT main)
```
The `main` branch is reserved for releases and is maintained by the project owner.
## 🎯 Ways to Contribute
### 1. Create New Skills
Add domain expertise in your field:
- Marketing, sales, customer success
- Engineering specializations
- Business functions (finance, HR, operations)
- Industry-specific skills (FinTech, EdTech, etc.)
### 2. Enhance Existing Skills
Improve current skills with:
- Better frameworks and templates
- Additional Python automation tools
- Updated best practices
- More reference materials
- Real-world examples and case studies
### 3. Improve Documentation
Help others use skills effectively:
- Clearer how-to guides
- Additional usage examples
- Better README files
- Translations to other languages
### 4. Fix Bugs
Report or fix issues in:
- Python scripts
- Documentation errors
- Broken links
- Outdated information
**Before you start:** Read [CONVENTIONS.md](CONVENTIONS.md) — it contains the mandatory technical rules that every contribution must follow. PRs that violate conventions will be closed.
---
## 🚀 Getting Started
## Target Branch: `dev`
### Prerequisites
- Python 3.7+ (for running/testing scripts)
- Git and GitHub account
- Claude AI or Claude Code account (for testing skills)
- Familiarity with the skill domain you're contributing to
### Fork and Clone
**All PRs must target the `dev` branch.** PRs targeting `main` will be closed automatically.
```bash
# Fork the repository on GitHub first
git clone https://github.com/YOUR_USERNAME/claude-skills.git
cd claude-skills
# Add upstream remote
git remote add upstream https://github.com/alirezarezvani/claude-skills.git
git fetch upstream dev
git checkout -b feature/my-skill upstream/dev
```
### Create a Branch
---
## What We Accept
### New Skills
Add domain expertise that doesn't already exist in the repo:
- Engineering tools and workflows
- Marketing, sales, customer success patterns
- Product management frameworks
- Regulatory and compliance (ISO, SOC, GDPR, FDA)
- Business functions (finance, HR, operations)
**Before building:** Check existing skills to avoid overlap. Open an issue to discuss if unsure.
### Improvements to Existing Skills
- Better workflows and actionable patterns
- Additional Python automation scripts
- New reference material
- More code examples and cross-references
- Bug fixes in scripts or documentation
### Bug Fixes
- Python scripts that fail `--help`
- Broken cross-references between skills
- Incorrect information in reference docs
---
## What We Do NOT Accept
| Type | Reason |
|------|--------|
| Links to external repos/tools in README | No 3rd party promotion |
| Skills requiring paid API keys | Must work without external services |
| Scripts with pip dependencies | stdlib-only Python |
| PRs that change the skill count (205) | Curated number |
| PRs modifying `.codex/`, `.gemini/`, `marketplace.json` | Auto-generated files |
| Bloated diffs with fork merge history | Rebase on `dev` first |
| Generic advice without actionable frameworks | Must be executable by an AI agent |
---
## Skill Creation Guide
### 1. Create the directory
```bash
# Create feature branch
git checkout -b feature/my-new-skill
# Or for improvements
git checkout -b improvement/enhance-content-creator
# Example: new engineering skill
mkdir -p engineering/my-new-skill/scripts
mkdir -p engineering/my-new-skill/references
```
---
### 2. Write SKILL.md
## 📝 Skill Creation Guidelines
**Frontmatter — only `name` and `description`:**
### Following Anthropic's Official Spec
All skills must follow [Anthropic's Agent Skills Specification](https://docs.anthropic.com/en/docs/agents-and-tools/agent-skills/overview).
### Required Structure
```
your-skill-name/
├── SKILL.md (required)
│ ├── YAML frontmatter (name, description, license, metadata)
│ └── Markdown content (instructions, examples, workflows)
├── scripts/ (optional but recommended)
│ ├── tool1.py
│ ├── tool2.py
│ └── tool3.py
├── references/ (optional but recommended)
│ ├── framework.md
│ ├── best-practices.md
│ └── examples.md
└── assets/ (optional)
└── templates/
```
### SKILL.md Requirements
**YAML Frontmatter (required):**
```yaml
---
name: your-skill-name
description: What it does and when to use it. Include specific triggers and keywords.
license: MIT
metadata:
version: 1.0.0
author: Your Name
category: domain-category
updated: 2025-10-28
name: "my-new-skill"
description: "Use when the user asks to [specific trigger]. Covers [key capabilities]."
---
```
**Markdown Content (required):**
- Clear heading and overview
- Keywords section for discovery
- Quick start guide
- Core workflows
- Script documentation (if applicable)
- Reference guide (if applicable)
- Best practices
- Examples
> **Important:** Do NOT add `license`, `metadata`, `triggers`, `version`, `author`, or any other fields. See [CONVENTIONS.md](CONVENTIONS.md) for the full specification.
**Target Length:** 100-200 lines for SKILL.md
- Keep core instructions lean
- Move detailed content to references/
- Follow progressive disclosure principle
**Content must be:**
- Under 500 lines (move detailed content to `references/`)
- Opinionated (recommend specific approaches)
- Actionable (agent can execute, not just advise)
- Include anti-patterns and cross-references sections
### Python Script Standards
### 3. Write Python scripts (optional but valuable)
**Quality Requirements:**
- Production-ready code (not placeholders)
- Standard library preferred (minimal dependencies)
- CLI-first design with --help support
- JSON output option for automation
- Clear docstrings and comments
- Error handling and validation
**Example:**
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Tool Name - Brief description
"""Tool Name — brief description."""
Usage:
python tool.py input.txt [--output json]
"""
import argparse
import json
import sys
def main():
# Implementation
pass
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Tool description")
parser.add_argument("input", help="Input file or value")
parser.add_argument("--json", action="store_true", help="Output as JSON")
parser.add_argument("--verbose", action="store_true", help="Verbose output")
args = parser.parse_args()
# Your logic here
result = {"status": "ok"}
if args.json:
print(json.dumps(result, indent=2))
else:
print(f"Result: {result['status']}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
```
### Documentation Standards
**Script rules:** stdlib-only, argparse, `--help`, `--json`, proper exit codes (0/1/2). See [CONVENTIONS.md](CONVENTIONS.md) for full requirements.
- Clear, actionable guidance
- Real-world examples
- Specific metrics and benchmarks
- No generic advice
- Professional tone
- Proper formatting
### 4. Add reference docs (optional)
---
Place detailed material in `references/`:
```
my-new-skill/references/
├── patterns.md # Detailed patterns and examples
├── best-practices.md # Best practices guide
└── decision-matrix.md # Comparison tables
```
## 🔄 Contribution Process
Reference them from SKILL.md:
```markdown
> See [references/patterns.md](references/patterns.md) for detailed patterns.
```
### Step 1: Discuss First (Recommended)
For major contributions:
1. Open an issue describing your idea
2. Discuss approach with maintainers
3. Get feedback before investing time
4. Avoid duplicate efforts
### Step 2: Develop Your Contribution
Follow the guidelines above for:
- New skills
- Python tools
- Documentation
- Bug fixes
### Step 3: Test Thoroughly
**For New Skills:**
- [ ] YAML frontmatter valid (no syntax errors)
- [ ] Description triggers Claude correctly
- [ ] All Python scripts work with --help
- [ ] All reference links work
- [ ] Skill activates when expected
- [ ] Tested with Claude AI or Claude Code
**For Python Tools:**
- [ ] Runs without errors
- [ ] Handles edge cases
- [ ] Provides helpful error messages
- [ ] JSON output works (if applicable)
- [ ] Dependencies documented
### Step 4: Submit Pull Request
### 5. Validate before submitting
```bash
# Commit your changes
git add .
git commit -m "feat(domain): add new-skill with [capabilities]"
# Structure validation
python3 engineering/skill-tester/scripts/skill_validator.py <your-skill-path>
# Push to your fork
git push origin feature/my-new-skill
# Script testing
python3 engineering/skill-tester/scripts/script_tester.py <your-skill-path> --verbose
# Create pull request on GitHub
# Security audit
python3 engineering/skill-security-auditor/scripts/skill_security_auditor.py <your-skill-path> --strict
```
**PR Title Format:**
- `feat(domain): add new skill for [purpose]`
- `fix(skill-name): correct issue with [component]`
- `docs(domain): improve documentation for [topic]`
- `refactor(skill-name): optimize [component]`
---
**PR Description Must Include:**
- What: What does this add/change/fix?
- Why: Why is this valuable?
- Testing: How was it tested?
- Documentation: What docs were updated?
## PR Checklist
Before submitting your PR, verify:
- [ ] **Targets `dev` branch** (not `main`)
- [ ] **SKILL.md frontmatter** has only `name` + `description`
- [ ] **SKILL.md under 500 lines** (detailed content in `references/`)
- [ ] **All scripts pass** `python3 script.py --help`
- [ ] **Scripts use stdlib only** (no pip dependencies)
- [ ] **Scripts support `--json` output**
- [ ] **Anti-patterns section** included in SKILL.md
- [ ] **Cross-references** to related skills included
- [ ] **No modifications** to `.codex/`, `.gemini/`, `marketplace.json`, or index files
- [ ] **No 3rd party links** added to README
- [ ] **Clean diff** — rebased on `dev`, no merge commit history
- [ ] **Security audit passes** with zero CRITICAL/HIGH findings
---
## ✅ Quality Standards
## Commit Messages
### Skill Quality Checklist
[Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/) format:
All new skills must meet these standards:
**Documentation:**
- [ ] Clear SKILL.md with all required sections
- [ ] Enhanced description with triggers and keywords
- [ ] Keywords section for discovery
- [ ] Quick start guide with 2-3 examples
- [ ] Professional metadata (license, version, author)
- [ ] Domain-specific README updated (if applicable)
**Python Tools (if included):**
- [ ] Production-ready code (not placeholders)
- [ ] CLI with --help support
- [ ] Proper error handling
- [ ] Clear docstrings
- [ ] Dependencies minimal and documented
**References (if included):**
- [ ] Actionable frameworks and templates
- [ ] Specific guidance (not generic advice)
- [ ] Real-world benchmarks and examples
- [ ] Properly linked from SKILL.md
**Testing:**
- [ ] Skill activates correctly with Claude
- [ ] All scripts execute without errors
- [ ] All links work
- [ ] No broken references
**ROI:**
- [ ] Demonstrates measurable value
- [ ] Time savings quantified
- [ ] Quality improvements specified
- [ ] Clear use cases documented
---
## 🎨 Style Guide
### Python Code
**Follow PEP 8:**
- 4 spaces for indentation
- Max line length: 100 characters
- Clear variable names
- Docstrings for functions
**Example:**
```python
def analyze_content(text: str, keywords: list) -> dict:
"""
Analyze text content for keyword density and readability.
Args:
text: Content to analyze
keywords: List of keywords to check
Returns:
dict: Analysis results with scores and recommendations
"""
pass
```
feat(engineering): add browser-automation skill
fix(self-improving-agent): use absolute path for hooks
improve(tdd-guide): add per-language examples
docs: update CONTRIBUTING.md
```
### Markdown Documentation
---
- Use headers consistently (H1 for title, H2 for sections)
- Include code blocks with language specification
- Use tables for comparisons
- Add emojis sparingly for visual hierarchy
- Keep paragraphs concise
## PR Description Template
### Commit Messages
```markdown
## Summary
- What: [What does this add/change/fix?]
- Why: [Why is this valuable?]
Follow [Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/):
- `feat(domain): add new capability`
- `fix(skill): correct bug in script`
- `docs(readme): update installation guide`
- `refactor(skill): optimize SKILL.md length`
- `test(tool): add test coverage`
## Checklist
- [x] Targets dev branch
- [x] SKILL.md frontmatter: name + description only
- [x] Under 500 lines
- [x] Scripts pass --help
- [x] Security audit: 0 critical/high findings
```
---
## 🏆 Recognition
## After Your PR is Merged
### Contributors
Maintainers will handle:
1. Running sync scripts (Codex, Gemini, integrations)
2. Generating docs pages
3. Updating mkdocs.yml navigation
4. Updating domain plugin.json counts
5. Updating marketplace.json
6. Merging dev → main for deployment
All contributors will be:
- Listed in CHANGELOG.md for their contributions
- Mentioned in release notes
- Credited in PR merge messages
- Acknowledged in the community
### Significant Contributions
Major contributions may result in:
- Co-author credit in commits
- Feature attribution in documentation
- Highlighted in README
- Social media recognition
You do NOT need to do any of these steps in your PR.
---
## 📋 Domain-Specific Guidelines
## Recognition
### Marketing Skills
- Include real benchmarks (CAC, conversion rates, etc.)
- Platform-specific guidance (LinkedIn, Google, etc.)
- B2B or B2C focus clearly stated
- International market considerations
### Engineering Skills
- Include tech stack in metadata
- Provide architecture patterns
- Add code quality standards
- Performance benchmarks
### Product Skills
- Include frameworks (RICE, OKR, etc.)
- Real-world metrics and KPIs
- Template-heavy with examples
- Integration points with tools
### Regulatory/Quality Skills
- Cite specific standards (ISO, FDA, EU MDR)
- Compliance frameworks clear
- Industry-specific (HealthTech, MedTech)
- Regulatory jurisdiction specified
Contributors are credited via:
- `Co-Authored-By:` in commit messages
- PR merge messages and changelogs
- Attribution in SKILL.md when skills are improved from community submissions
---
## 🚫 What NOT to Contribute
## Questions?
**We will not accept:**
- Generic advice without actionable frameworks
- Placeholder scripts (must be production-ready)
- Skills without clear use cases
- Duplicate capabilities of existing skills
- Proprietary or confidential information
- Content that violates licenses
- Skills promoting unethical practices
- **General:** Open a [discussion](https://github.com/alirezarezvani/claude-skills/discussions)
- **Bugs:** Use the [issue tracker](https://github.com/alirezarezvani/claude-skills/issues)
- **Contact:** [alirezarezvani.com](https://alirezarezvani.com)
---
## 🤝 Code of Conduct
By participating in this project, you agree to abide by our [Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md).
Expected behavior:
- Be respectful and inclusive
- Provide constructive feedback
- Focus on what's best for the community
- Show empathy and kindness
---
## 📞 Questions?
- **General Questions:** Open a [discussion](https://github.com/alirezarezvani/claude-skills/discussions)
- **Bug Reports:** Use [bug report template](https://github.com/alirezarezvani/claude-skills/issues/new?template=bug_report.md)
- **Feature Ideas:** Use [feature request template](https://github.com/alirezarezvani/claude-skills/issues/new?template=feature_request.md)
- **Contact:** [alirezarezvani.com](https://alirezarezvani.com) or [medium.com/@alirezarezvani](https://medium.com/@alirezarezvani)
---
## 🙏 Thank You!
Your contributions help make world-class expertise accessible to everyone through Claude AI. Every skill added, bug fixed, or documentation improved makes a difference.
**Happy contributing!** 🚀
**Full technical conventions:** [CONVENTIONS.md](CONVENTIONS.md)

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# Repository Conventions
**Mandatory conventions for the claude-code-skills repository.** Every contributor — human or AI coding agent — must follow these rules. PRs that violate them will be closed.
For contribution workflow and how to submit PRs, see [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md).
---
## 1. Skill Structure
Every skill is a directory under one of the 9 domain folders:
```
<domain>/<skill-name>/
├── SKILL.md # Required — main skill file
├── .claude-plugin/
│ └── plugin.json # Optional — for standalone installs
├── scripts/ # Optional — Python CLI tools
│ └── *.py
├── references/ # Optional — detailed reference docs
│ └── *.md
└── assets/ # Optional — templates, examples
```
### Domains
| Directory | Category | Current Count |
|-----------|----------|---------------|
| `engineering/` | POWERFUL-tier advanced engineering | 35 |
| `engineering-team/` | Core engineering roles | 30 |
| `marketing-skill/` | Marketing & growth | 43 |
| `c-level-advisor/` | Executive advisory | 28 |
| `product-team/` | Product management | 14 |
| `ra-qm-team/` | Regulatory & quality | 13 |
| `project-management/` | PM tools | 6 |
| `business-growth/` | Sales & business dev | 4 |
| `finance/` | Financial analysis | 2 |
Place your skill in the domain that best fits. If unsure, open an issue to discuss.
---
## 2. SKILL.md Format
### Frontmatter (YAML)
**Only two fields are allowed:**
```yaml
---
name: "skill-name"
description: "One-line description of when to use this skill. Be specific about trigger conditions."
---
```
**Do NOT include:** `license`, `metadata`, `triggers`, `version`, `author`, `category`, `updated`, or any other fields. PRs with extra frontmatter fields will be rejected.
### Content Requirements
| Requirement | Rule |
|-------------|------|
| **Line limit** | Under 500 lines. Move detailed content to `references/` files. |
| **Opinionated** | Recommend specific approaches. Don't just list options. |
| **Actionable** | The agent must be able to execute, not just advise. |
| **Anti-patterns** | Include a section on what NOT to do. |
| **Cross-references** | Link to related skills in the repo. |
| **Code examples** | Include concrete examples where helpful. |
### Required Sections
At minimum, every SKILL.md should include:
1. **Title** (H1) — skill name
2. **Overview** — what it does, when to use it
3. **Core content** — workflows, patterns, instructions
4. **Anti-Patterns** — common mistakes to avoid
5. **Cross-References** — related skills in this repo
Reference detailed material from `references/` files:
```markdown
> See [references/detailed-guide.md](references/detailed-guide.md) for full patterns.
```
---
## 3. plugin.json Format
If your skill includes a `.claude-plugin/plugin.json`, use this **exact schema**:
```json
{
"name": "skill-name",
"description": "One-line description matching SKILL.md",
"version": "2.1.2",
"author": {
"name": "Alireza Rezvani",
"url": "https://alirezarezvani.com"
},
"homepage": "https://github.com/alirezarezvani/claude-skills/tree/main/<domain>/<skill>",
"repository": "https://github.com/alirezarezvani/claude-skills",
"license": "MIT",
"skills": "./"
}
```
**Rules:**
- `author` **must be an object**, never a string. String format causes install errors.
- `version` must match the current repo version (`2.1.2`).
- No extra fields (`commands`, `hooks`, `triggers`, `tags`, `category`).
- Not every skill needs a plugin.json — skills roll up into their domain's parent plugin automatically.
---
## 4. Python Scripts
All scripts in `scripts/` must follow these rules:
| Rule | Requirement |
|------|-------------|
| **Standard library only** | No pip dependencies. Use `argparse`, `json`, `os`, `re`, `sys`, etc. |
| **CLI-first** | Must support `python3 script.py --help` |
| **JSON output** | Must support `--json` flag for machine-readable output |
| **Exit codes** | `0` = success, `1` = warnings, `2` = critical errors |
| **No LLM calls** | Scripts must be deterministic — no API calls to AI services |
| **No hardcoded secrets** | Use environment variables for credentials |
| **Main guard** | Include `if __name__ == "__main__":` |
**Example skeleton:**
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Tool Name — brief description."""
import argparse
import json
import sys
def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Tool description")
parser.add_argument("--json", action="store_true", help="Output as JSON")
args = parser.parse_args()
result = {"status": "ok"}
if args.json:
print(json.dumps(result, indent=2))
else:
print("Result: ok")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
```
---
## 5. Sub-Skills
Some skills contain sub-skills in a nested `skills/` directory:
```
engineering-team/playwright-pro/
├── SKILL.md ← Parent skill
└── skills/
├── generate/SKILL.md ← Sub-skill
├── fix/SKILL.md ← Sub-skill
└── migrate/SKILL.md ← Sub-skill
```
**Sub-skill rules:**
- Sub-skills are documented within their parent's docs page, NOT as standalone pages.
- Sub-skills do NOT get their own Codex/Gemini symlinks.
- Sub-skills do NOT count toward the official skill total.
- Do not create new sub-skill structures unless extending an existing compound skill.
---
## 6. What NOT to Contribute
The following will be **immediately closed**:
| Type | Why |
|------|-----|
| Links to external repos/tools in README | We don't link 3rd party projects |
| Skills that require paid API keys | Must work without external dependencies |
| Skills that call LLMs in scripts | Scripts must be deterministic |
| PRs that change the official skill count (205) | This number is curated |
| PRs targeting `main` instead of `dev` | All PRs must target `dev` |
| PRs with bloated diffs (merge history from forks) | Rebase on `dev` HEAD first |
| PRs that modify marketplace.json counts | We handle count updates |
| PRs that modify codex/gemini index files | These are auto-generated |
---
## 7. Cross-Platform Sync
Platform copies are handled by automated scripts. **Do not create or modify these manually:**
| Platform | Directory | Script |
|----------|-----------|--------|
| Codex CLI | `.codex/skills/` | `python3 scripts/sync-codex-skills.py` |
| Gemini CLI | `.gemini/skills/` | `python3 scripts/sync-gemini-skills.py` |
| Cursor/Aider/etc. | `integrations/` (gitignored) | `scripts/convert.sh --tool all` |
After your skill is merged, maintainers run these scripts to sync all platforms.
---
## 8. Docs Site
Docs pages are auto-generated by `python3 scripts/generate-docs.py`. After your skill is merged, maintainers will:
1. Run the docs generator
2. Add your skill to `mkdocs.yml` nav (alphabetical within domain)
3. Deploy via GitHub Pages
You do NOT need to create docs pages in your PR.
---
## 9. Git Conventions
### Branch Naming
```
feature/<skill-name> → New skill
fix/<description> → Bug fix
improve/<skill-name> → Enhancement
docs/<description> → Documentation
```
### Commit Messages
[Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/) format:
```
feat(engineering): add browser-automation skill
fix(self-improving-agent): use absolute path for hooks
improve(tdd-guide): add per-language examples
docs: update CONTRIBUTING.md
chore: sync codex/gemini indexes
```
### PR Requirements
- **Target branch:** `dev` (never `main`)
- **One concern per PR** — don't bundle unrelated changes
- **Clean diff** — rebase on `dev` HEAD, no merge commit history
- **Description** — explain what, why, and how you tested
---
## 10. Quality Validation
Before submitting, verify your skill passes these checks:
```bash
# Structure validation
python3 engineering/skill-tester/scripts/skill_validator.py <your-skill-path> --json
# Quality scoring
python3 engineering/skill-tester/scripts/quality_scorer.py <your-skill-path> --json
# Script testing (if you have scripts)
python3 engineering/skill-tester/scripts/script_tester.py <your-skill-path> --json
# Security audit
python3 engineering/skill-security-auditor/scripts/skill_security_auditor.py <your-skill-path> --strict
```
**Minimum requirements:**
- Structure score ≥ 75/100
- All scripts pass `--help`
- Zero CRITICAL or HIGH security findings
- SKILL.md under 500 lines
---
## Quick Reference
| What | Rule |
|------|------|
| Frontmatter fields | `name` + `description` only |
| SKILL.md max lines | 500 |
| Python dependencies | stdlib only |
| PR target branch | `dev` |
| plugin.json author | Object `{"name": "...", "url": "..."}`, never string |
| External links in README | Not accepted |
| Skill count | 205 (do not change) |
| Commit format | Conventional commits |
| Script output | Must support `--json` |

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# Audit Report Template
The scanner generates a stakeholder-ready report when run with the `--report` flag:
```bash
python scripts/a11y_scanner.py /path/to/project --report --output audit-report.md
```
## Generated Report Structure
```markdown
# Accessibility Audit Report
**Project:** Acme Dashboard
**Date:** 2026-03-18
**Standard:** WCAG 2.2 Level AA
**Tool:** a11y-audit v2.1.2
## Executive Summary
- Files Scanned: 127
- Total Violations: 14
- Critical: 3 | Major: 7 | Minor: 4
- Estimated Remediation: 8-12 hours
- Compliance Score: 72% (Target: 100%)
## Violations by Category
| Category | Count | Severity Breakdown |
|----------|-------|--------------------|
| Missing Alt Text | 3 | 2 Critical, 1 Minor |
| Keyboard Access | 4 | 2 Critical, 2 Major |
| Color Contrast | 3 | 3 Major |
| Form Labels | 2 | 2 Major |
| ARIA Usage | 2 | 2 Minor |
## Detailed Findings
[Per-violation details with file, line, WCAG criterion, and fix]
## Remediation Priority
1. Fix all Critical issues (blocks release)
2. Fix Major issues in current sprint
3. Schedule Minor issues for next sprint
## Recommendations
- Add a11y linting to CI pipeline (eslint-plugin-jsx-a11y)
- Include keyboard testing in QA checklist
- Schedule quarterly manual audit with assistive technology
```

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# CI/CD Integration for Accessibility Auditing
## GitHub Actions
```yaml
# .github/workflows/a11y-audit.yml
name: Accessibility Audit
on:
pull_request:
paths:
- 'src/**/*.tsx'
- 'src/**/*.vue'
- 'src/**/*.html'
- 'src/**/*.svelte'
jobs:
a11y-audit:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Set up Python
uses: actions/setup-python@v5
with:
python-version: '3.11'
- name: Run A11y Scanner
run: |
python scripts/a11y_scanner.py ./src --json > a11y-results.json
- name: Check for Critical Issues
run: |
python -c "
import json, sys
with open('a11y-results.json') as f:
data = json.load(f)
critical = [v for v in data.get('violations', []) if v['severity'] == 'critical']
if critical:
print(f'FAILED: {len(critical)} critical a11y violations found')
for v in critical:
print(f\" [{v['wcag']}] {v['file']}:{v['line']} - {v['message']}\")
sys.exit(1)
print('PASSED: No critical a11y violations')
"
- name: Upload Audit Report
if: always()
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
with:
name: a11y-audit-report
path: a11y-results.json
- name: Comment on PR
if: failure()
uses: marocchino/sticky-pull-request-comment@v2
with:
header: a11y-audit
message: |
## Accessibility Audit Failed
Critical WCAG 2.2 violations were found. See the uploaded artifact for details.
Run `python scripts/a11y_scanner.py ./src` locally to view and fix issues.
```
## GitLab CI
```yaml
# .gitlab-ci.yml
a11y-audit:
stage: test
image: python:3.11-slim
script:
- python scripts/a11y_scanner.py ./src --json > a11y-results.json
- python -c "
import json, sys;
data = json.load(open('a11y-results.json'));
critical = [v for v in data.get('violations', []) if v['severity'] == 'critical'];
sys.exit(1) if critical else print('A11y audit passed')
"
artifacts:
paths:
- a11y-results.json
when: always
rules:
- changes:
- "src/**/*.{tsx,vue,html,svelte}"
```
## Azure DevOps
```yaml
# azure-pipelines.yml
- task: PythonScript@0
displayName: 'Run A11y Audit'
inputs:
scriptSource: 'filePath'
scriptPath: 'scripts/a11y_scanner.py'
arguments: './src --json --output $(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/a11y-results.json'
- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
condition: always()
inputs:
PathtoPublish: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/a11y-results.json'
ArtifactName: 'a11y-audit-report'
```
## Pre-Commit Hook
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# .git/hooks/pre-commit
# Run a11y scan on staged files only
STAGED_FILES=$(git diff --cached --name-only --diff-filter=ACM | grep -E '\.(tsx|vue|html|svelte|jsx)$')
if [ -n "$STAGED_FILES" ]; then
echo "Running accessibility audit on staged files..."
for file in $STAGED_FILES; do
python scripts/a11y_scanner.py "$file" --severity critical --quiet
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "A11y audit FAILED for $file. Fix critical issues before committing."
exit 1
fi
done
echo "A11y audit passed."
fi
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
# Color Contrast Guide
## Contrast Checker Usage
The `contrast_checker.py` script validates color pairs against WCAG 2.2 contrast requirements.
```bash
# Check a single color pair
python scripts/contrast_checker.py --fg "#777777" --bg "#ffffff"
# Output:
# Foreground: #777777 | Background: #ffffff
# Contrast Ratio: 4.48:1
# AA Normal Text (4.5:1): FAIL
# AA Large Text (3.0:1): PASS
# AAA Normal Text (7.0:1): FAIL
# Suggested alternative: #767676 (4.54:1 - passes AA)
# Scan a CSS file for all color pairs
python scripts/contrast_checker.py --file src/styles/globals.css
# Scan Tailwind classes in components
python scripts/contrast_checker.py --tailwind src/components/
```
## Common Contrast Fixes
| Original Color | Contrast on White | Fix | New Contrast |
|----------------|------------------|-----|--------------|
| `#aaaaaa` | 2.32:1 | `#767676` | 4.54:1 (AA) |
| `#999999` | 2.85:1 | `#767676` | 4.54:1 (AA) |
| `#888888` | 3.54:1 | `#767676` | 4.54:1 (AA) |
| `#777777` | 4.48:1 | `#757575` | 4.60:1 (AA) |
| `#66bb6a` | 3.06:1 | `#2e7d32` | 5.87:1 (AA) |
| `#42a5f5` | 2.81:1 | `#1565c0` | 6.08:1 (AA) |
| `#ef5350` | 3.13:1 | `#c62828` | 5.57:1 (AA) |
## Tailwind CSS Accessible Palette Mapping
| Inaccessible Class | Contrast on White | Accessible Alternative | Contrast |
|---------------------|------------------|----------------------|----------|
| `text-gray-400` | 2.68:1 | `text-gray-600` | 5.74:1 |
| `text-blue-400` | 2.81:1 | `text-blue-700` | 5.96:1 |
| `text-green-400` | 2.12:1 | `text-green-700` | 5.18:1 |
| `text-red-400` | 3.04:1 | `text-red-700` | 6.05:1 |
| `text-yellow-500` | 1.47:1 | `text-yellow-800` | 7.34:1 |
## Screen Reader Utility Class
Every project should include this utility class for visually hiding content while keeping it accessible to screen readers:
```css
/* Visually hidden but accessible to screen readers */
.sr-only {
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
padding: 0;
margin: -1px;
overflow: hidden;
clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
white-space: nowrap;
border-width: 0;
}
/* Allow the element to be focusable when navigated to via keyboard */
.sr-only-focusable:focus,
.sr-only-focusable:active {
position: static;
width: auto;
height: auto;
padding: inherit;
margin: inherit;
overflow: visible;
clip: auto;
white-space: inherit;
}
```
Tailwind CSS includes this as `sr-only` by default. For other frameworks:
- **Angular**: Add to `styles.scss`
- **Vue**: Add to `assets/global.css`
- **Svelte**: Add to `app.css`

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@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
# Accessibility Audit Examples by Framework
## Example 1: Vue SFC Form Audit
```vue
<!-- BEFORE: src/components/LoginForm.vue -->
<template>
<form @submit="handleLogin">
<input type="text" placeholder="Email" v-model="email" />
<input type="password" placeholder="Password" v-model="password" />
<div v-if="error" style="color: red">{{ error }}</div>
<div @click="handleLogin">Sign In</div>
</form>
</template>
```
**Violations detected:**
| # | WCAG | Severity | Issue |
|---|------|----------|-------|
| 1 | 1.3.1 | Critical | Inputs missing associated `<label>` elements |
| 2 | 3.3.2 | Major | Placeholder text used as only label (disappears on input) |
| 3 | 2.1.1 | Critical | `<div @click>` not keyboard accessible |
| 4 | 4.1.3 | Major | Error message not announced to screen readers |
| 5 | 3.3.1 | Major | Error not programmatically associated with input |
```vue
<!-- AFTER: src/components/LoginForm.vue -->
<template>
<form @submit.prevent="handleLogin" aria-label="Sign in to your account">
<div class="field">
<label for="login-email">Email</label>
<input
id="login-email"
type="email"
v-model="email"
autocomplete="email"
required
:aria-describedby="emailError ? 'email-error' : undefined"
:aria-invalid="!!emailError"
/>
<span v-if="emailError" id="email-error" role="alert">
{{ emailError }}
</span>
</div>
<div class="field">
<label for="login-password">Password</label>
<input
id="login-password"
type="password"
v-model="password"
autocomplete="current-password"
required
:aria-describedby="passwordError ? 'password-error' : undefined"
:aria-invalid="!!passwordError"
/>
<span v-if="passwordError" id="password-error" role="alert">
{{ passwordError }}
</span>
</div>
<div v-if="error" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" class="form-error">
{{ error }}
</div>
<button type="submit">Sign In</button>
</form>
</template>
```
## Example 2: Angular Template Audit
```html
<!-- BEFORE: src/app/dashboard/dashboard.component.html -->
<div class="tabs">
<div *ngFor="let tab of tabs"
(click)="selectTab(tab)"
[class.active]="tab.active">
{{ tab.label }}
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-content">
<div *ngIf="selectedTab">{{ selectedTab.content }}</div>
</div>
```
**Violations detected:**
| # | WCAG | Severity | Issue |
|---|------|----------|-------|
| 1 | 4.1.2 | Critical | Tab widget missing ARIA roles (`tablist`, `tab`, `tabpanel`) |
| 2 | 2.1.1 | Critical | Tabs not keyboard navigable (arrow keys, Home, End) |
| 3 | 2.4.11 | Major | No visible focus indicator on active tab |
```html
<!-- AFTER: src/app/dashboard/dashboard.component.html -->
<div class="tabs" role="tablist" aria-label="Dashboard sections">
<button
*ngFor="let tab of tabs; let i = index"
role="tab"
[id]="'tab-' + tab.id"
[attr.aria-selected]="tab.active"
[attr.aria-controls]="'panel-' + tab.id"
[attr.tabindex]="tab.active ? 0 : -1"
(click)="selectTab(tab)"
(keydown)="handleTabKeydown($event, i)"
class="tab-button"
[class.active]="tab.active">
{{ tab.label }}
</button>
</div>
<div
*ngIf="selectedTab"
role="tabpanel"
[id]="'panel-' + selectedTab.id"
[attr.aria-labelledby]="'tab-' + selectedTab.id"
tabindex="0"
class="tab-content">
{{ selectedTab.content }}
</div>
```
**Supporting TypeScript for keyboard navigation:**
```typescript
// dashboard.component.ts
handleTabKeydown(event: KeyboardEvent, index: number): void {
const tabCount = this.tabs.length;
let newIndex = index;
switch (event.key) {
case 'ArrowRight':
newIndex = (index + 1) % tabCount;
break;
case 'ArrowLeft':
newIndex = (index - 1 + tabCount) % tabCount;
break;
case 'Home':
newIndex = 0;
break;
case 'End':
newIndex = tabCount - 1;
break;
default:
return;
}
event.preventDefault();
this.selectTab(this.tabs[newIndex]);
// Move focus to the new tab button
const tabElement = document.getElementById(`tab-${this.tabs[newIndex].id}`);
tabElement?.focus();
}
```
## Example 3: Next.js Page-Level Audit
```tsx
// BEFORE: src/app/page.tsx
export default function Home() {
return (
<main>
<div className="text-4xl font-bold">Welcome to Acme</div>
<div className="mt-4">
Build better products with our platform.
</div>
<div className="mt-8 bg-blue-600 text-white px-6 py-3 rounded cursor-pointer"
onClick={() => router.push('/signup')}>
Get Started
</div>
</main>
);
}
```
**Violations detected:**
| # | WCAG | Severity | Issue |
|---|------|----------|-------|
| 1 | 1.3.1 | Major | Heading uses `<div>` instead of `<h1>` -- no semantic structure |
| 2 | 2.4.2 | Major | Page missing `<title>` (Next.js metadata) |
| 3 | 2.1.1 | Critical | CTA uses `<div onClick>` -- not keyboard accessible |
| 4 | 3.1.1 | Minor | `<html>` missing `lang` attribute (check `layout.tsx`) |
```tsx
// AFTER: src/app/page.tsx
import type { Metadata } from 'next';
import Link from 'next/link';
export const metadata: Metadata = {
title: 'Acme - Build Better Products',
description: 'Build better products with the Acme platform.',
};
export default function Home() {
return (
<main>
<h1 className="text-4xl font-bold">Welcome to Acme</h1>
<p className="mt-4">
Build better products with our platform.
</p>
<Link
href="/signup"
className="mt-8 inline-block bg-blue-600 text-white px-6 py-3 rounded
hover:bg-blue-700 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2
focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-blue-600"
>
Get Started
</Link>
</main>
);
}
```
```tsx
// Also fix: src/app/layout.tsx
export default function RootLayout({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
return (
<html lang="en">
<body>{children}</body>
</html>
);
}
```
## Example 4: Svelte Component Audit
```svelte
<!-- BEFORE: src/lib/components/Accordion.svelte -->
<script>
let openIndex = -1;
function toggle(i) { openIndex = openIndex === i ? -1 : i; }
</script>
{#each items as item, i}
<div class="header" on:click={() => toggle(i)}>
{item.title}
</div>
{#if openIndex === i}
<div class="content">{item.body}</div>
{/if}
{/each}
```
**Violations detected:**
| # | WCAG | Severity | Issue |
|---|------|----------|-------|
| 1 | 4.1.2 | Critical | Accordion missing ARIA roles and properties |
| 2 | 2.1.1 | Critical | Headers not keyboard accessible |
| 3 | 2.5.8 | Minor | Click targets may be smaller than 24x24px (NEW in WCAG 2.2) |
```svelte
<!-- AFTER: src/lib/components/Accordion.svelte -->
<script>
export let items = [];
let openIndex = -1;
function toggle(i) {
openIndex = openIndex === i ? -1 : i;
}
function handleKeydown(event, i) {
if (event.key === 'Enter' || event.key === ' ') {
event.preventDefault();
toggle(i);
}
}
</script>
<div class="accordion">
{#each items as item, i}
<h3>
<button
class="accordion-header"
aria-expanded={openIndex === i}
aria-controls="panel-{i}"
id="header-{i}"
on:click={() => toggle(i)}
on:keydown={(e) => handleKeydown(e, i)}
>
{item.title}
<span class="icon" aria-hidden="true">
{openIndex === i ? '' : '+'}
</span>
</button>
</h3>
<div
id="panel-{i}"
role="region"
aria-labelledby="header-{i}"
class="accordion-content"
class:open={openIndex === i}
hidden={openIndex !== i}
>
{item.body}
</div>
{/each}
</div>
<style>
.accordion-header {
min-height: 44px; /* WCAG 2.5.8 Target Size */
width: 100%;
padding: 12px 16px;
cursor: pointer;
text-align: left;
}
.accordion-header:focus-visible {
outline: 2px solid #005fcc;
outline-offset: 2px;
}
</style>
```

View File

@@ -321,3 +321,341 @@ export class MyComponent {
border-width: 0;
}
```
## Fix Patterns Catalog
### React / Next.js Fix Patterns
#### Missing Alt Text (1.1.1)
```tsx
// BEFORE
<img src={hero} />
// AFTER - Informational image
<img src={hero} alt="Team collaborating around a whiteboard" />
// AFTER - Decorative image
<img src={divider} alt="" role="presentation" />
```
#### Non-Interactive Element with Click Handler (2.1.1)
```tsx
// BEFORE
<div onClick={handleClick}>Click me</div>
// AFTER - If it navigates
<Link href="/destination">Click me</Link>
// AFTER - If it performs an action
<button type="button" onClick={handleClick}>Click me</button>
```
#### Missing Focus Management in Modals (2.4.3)
```tsx
// BEFORE
function Modal({ isOpen, onClose, children }) {
if (!isOpen) return null;
return <div className="modal-overlay">{children}</div>;
}
// AFTER
import { useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
function Modal({ isOpen, onClose, children, title }) {
const modalRef = useRef(null);
const previousFocus = useRef(null);
useEffect(() => {
if (isOpen) {
previousFocus.current = document.activeElement;
modalRef.current?.focus();
} else {
previousFocus.current?.focus();
}
}, [isOpen]);
useEffect(() => {
if (!isOpen) return;
const handleKeydown = (e) => {
if (e.key === 'Escape') onClose();
if (e.key === 'Tab') {
const focusable = modalRef.current?.querySelectorAll(
'button, [href], input, select, textarea, [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])'
);
if (!focusable?.length) return;
const first = focusable[0];
const last = focusable[focusable.length - 1];
if (e.shiftKey && document.activeElement === first) {
e.preventDefault();
last.focus();
} else if (!e.shiftKey && document.activeElement === last) {
e.preventDefault();
first.focus();
}
}
};
document.addEventListener('keydown', handleKeydown);
return () => document.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeydown);
}, [isOpen, onClose]);
if (!isOpen) return null;
return (
<div className="modal-overlay" onClick={onClose} aria-hidden="true">
<div
ref={modalRef}
role="dialog"
aria-modal="true"
aria-label={title}
tabIndex={-1}
onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
>
<button
onClick={onClose}
aria-label="Close dialog"
className="modal-close"
>
&times;
</button>
{children}
</div>
</div>
);
}
```
#### Focus Appearance (2.4.11 -- NEW in WCAG 2.2)
```css
/* BEFORE */
button:focus {
outline: none; /* Removes default focus indicator */
}
/* AFTER - Meets WCAG 2.2 Focus Appearance */
button:focus-visible {
outline: 2px solid #005fcc;
outline-offset: 2px;
}
```
```tsx
// Tailwind CSS pattern
<button className="focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-blue-600">
Submit
</button>
```
### Vue Fix Patterns
#### Missing Form Labels (1.3.1)
```vue
<!-- BEFORE -->
<input type="text" v-model="name" placeholder="Name" />
<!-- AFTER -->
<label for="user-name">Name</label>
<input id="user-name" type="text" v-model="name" autocomplete="name" />
```
#### Dynamic Content Without Live Region (4.1.3)
```vue
<!-- BEFORE -->
<div v-if="status">{{ statusMessage }}</div>
<!-- AFTER -->
<div aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true">
<p v-if="status">{{ statusMessage }}</p>
</div>
```
#### Vue Router Navigation Announcements (2.4.2)
```typescript
// router/index.ts
router.afterEach((to) => {
const title = to.meta.title || 'Page';
document.title = `${title} | My App`;
// Announce route change to screen readers
const announcer = document.getElementById('route-announcer');
if (announcer) {
announcer.textContent = `Navigated to ${title}`;
}
});
```
```vue
<!-- App.vue - Add announcer element -->
<div
id="route-announcer"
role="status"
aria-live="assertive"
aria-atomic="true"
class="sr-only"
></div>
```
### Angular Fix Patterns
#### Missing ARIA on Custom Components (4.1.2)
```typescript
// BEFORE
@Component({
selector: 'app-dropdown',
template: `
<div (click)="toggle()">{{ selected }}</div>
<div *ngIf="isOpen">
<div *ngFor="let opt of options" (click)="select(opt)">{{ opt }}</div>
</div>
`
})
// AFTER
@Component({
selector: 'app-dropdown',
template: `
<button
role="combobox"
[attr.aria-expanded]="isOpen"
aria-haspopup="listbox"
[attr.aria-label]="label"
(click)="toggle()"
(keydown)="handleKeydown($event)"
>
{{ selected }}
</button>
<ul *ngIf="isOpen" role="listbox" [attr.aria-label]="label + ' options'">
<li
*ngFor="let opt of options; let i = index"
role="option"
[attr.aria-selected]="opt === selected"
[attr.id]="'option-' + i"
(click)="select(opt)"
(keydown)="handleOptionKeydown($event, opt, i)"
tabindex="-1"
>
{{ opt }}
</li>
</ul>
`
})
```
#### Angular CDK A11y Module Integration
```typescript
// Use Angular CDK for focus trap in dialogs
import { A11yModule } from '@angular/cdk/a11y';
@Component({
template: `
<div cdkTrapFocus cdkTrapFocusAutoCapture>
<h2 id="dialog-title">Edit Profile</h2>
<!-- dialog content -->
</div>
`
})
```
### Svelte Fix Patterns
#### Accessible Announcements (4.1.3)
```svelte
<!-- BEFORE -->
{#if message}
<p class="toast">{message}</p>
{/if}
<!-- AFTER -->
<div aria-live="polite" class="sr-only">
{#if message}
<p>{message}</p>
{/if}
</div>
<div class="toast" aria-hidden="true">
{#if message}
<p>{message}</p>
{/if}
</div>
```
#### SvelteKit Page Titles (2.4.2)
```svelte
<!-- +page.svelte -->
<svelte:head>
<title>Dashboard | My App</title>
</svelte:head>
```
### Plain HTML Fix Patterns
#### Skip Navigation Link (2.4.1)
```html
<!-- BEFORE -->
<body>
<nav><!-- long navigation --></nav>
<main><!-- content --></main>
</body>
<!-- AFTER -->
<body>
<a href="#main-content" class="skip-link">Skip to main content</a>
<nav aria-label="Main navigation"><!-- long navigation --></nav>
<main id="main-content" tabindex="-1"><!-- content --></main>
</body>
```
```css
.skip-link {
position: absolute;
top: -40px;
left: 0;
padding: 8px 16px;
background: #005fcc;
color: #fff;
z-index: 1000;
transition: top 0.2s;
}
.skip-link:focus {
top: 0;
}
```
#### Accessible Data Table (1.3.1)
```html
<!-- BEFORE -->
<table>
<tr><td>Name</td><td>Email</td><td>Role</td></tr>
<tr><td>Alice</td><td>alice@co.com</td><td>Admin</td></tr>
</table>
<!-- AFTER -->
<table aria-label="Team members">
<caption class="sr-only">List of team members and their roles</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Email</th>
<th scope="col">Role</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">Alice</th>
<td>alice@co.com</td>
<td>Admin</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
# Accessibility Testing Checklist
Use this checklist after applying fixes to verify accessibility manually.
## Keyboard Navigation
- [ ] All interactive elements reachable via Tab key
- [ ] Tab order follows visual/logical reading order
- [ ] Focus indicator visible on every focusable element (2px+ outline)
- [ ] Modals trap focus and return focus on close
- [ ] Escape key closes modals, dropdowns, and popups
- [ ] Arrow keys navigate within composite widgets (tabs, menus, listboxes)
- [ ] No keyboard traps (user can always Tab away)
## Screen Reader
- [ ] All images have appropriate alt text (or `alt=""` for decorative)
- [ ] Headings create logical document outline (h1 -> h2 -> h3)
- [ ] Form inputs have associated labels
- [ ] Error messages announced via `aria-live` or `role="alert"`
- [ ] Page title updates on navigation (SPA)
- [ ] Dynamic content changes announced appropriately
## Visual
- [ ] Text contrast meets 4.5:1 for normal text, 3:1 for large text
- [ ] UI component contrast meets 3:1 against background
- [ ] Content reflows without horizontal scrolling at 320px width
- [ ] Text resizable to 200% without loss of content
- [ ] No information conveyed by color alone
- [ ] Focus indicators meet 2.4.11 Focus Appearance criteria
## Motion and Media
- [ ] Animations respect `prefers-reduced-motion`
- [ ] No auto-playing media with audio
- [ ] No content flashing more than 3 times per second
- [ ] Video has captions; audio has transcripts
## Forms
- [ ] All inputs have visible labels
- [ ] Required fields indicated (not by color alone)
- [ ] Error messages specific and associated with input via `aria-describedby`
- [ ] Autocomplete attributes present on common fields (name, email, etc.)
- [ ] No CAPTCHA without alternative method (WCAG 2.2 3.3.8)

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@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
# WCAG 2.2 New Success Criteria Reference
These criteria were added in WCAG 2.2 and are commonly missed.
## 2.4.11 Focus Appearance (Level AA)
The focus indicator must have a minimum area of a 2px perimeter around the component and a contrast ratio of at least 3:1 against adjacent colors.
**Pattern:**
```css
:focus-visible {
outline: 2px solid #005fcc;
outline-offset: 2px;
}
```
## 2.5.7 Dragging Movements (Level AA)
Any functionality that uses dragging must have a single-pointer alternative (click, tap).
**Pattern:**
```tsx
// Sortable list: support both drag and button-based reorder
<li draggable onDragStart={handleDrag}>
{item.name}
<button onClick={() => moveUp(index)} aria-label={`Move ${item.name} up`}>
Move Up
</button>
<button onClick={() => moveDown(index)} aria-label={`Move ${item.name} down`}>
Move Down
</button>
</li>
```
## 2.5.8 Target Size (Level AA)
Interactive targets must be at least 24x24 CSS pixels, with exceptions for inline text links and elements where the spacing provides equivalent clearance.
**Pattern:**
```css
button, a, input, select, textarea {
min-height: 24px;
min-width: 24px;
}
/* Recommended: 44x44px for touch targets */
@media (pointer: coarse) {
button, a, input[type="checkbox"], input[type="radio"] {
min-height: 44px;
min-width: 44px;
}
}
```
## 3.3.7 Redundant Entry (Level A)
Information previously entered by the user must be auto-populated or available for selection when needed again in the same process.
**Pattern:**
```tsx
// Multi-step form: persist data across steps
const [formData, setFormData] = useState({});
// Step 2 pre-fills shipping address from billing
<input
defaultValue={formData.billingAddress || ''}
autoComplete="shipping street-address"
/>
```
## 3.3.8 Accessible Authentication (Level AA)
Authentication must not require cognitive function tests (e.g., remembering a password, solving a puzzle) unless an alternative is provided.
**Pattern:**
- Support password managers (`autocomplete="current-password"`)
- Offer passkey / biometric authentication
- Allow copy-paste in password fields (never block paste)
- Provide email/SMS OTP as alternative to CAPTCHA